UP Board class 11 English 24. Tribal Verse - (Essays) is a Hindi Medium Solution which is prescribed by Uttar Pradesh Board for their students. These Solutions is completely prepared considering the latest syllabus and it covers every single topis, so that every student get organised and conceptual learning of the concepts. class 11 Students of UP Board who have selected hindi medium as their study medium they can use these Hindi medium textSolutions to prepare themselves for exam and learn the concept with ease.
Answer: Tribal communities across the globe share several common traits. They often live in harmony with nature, viewing it as a sacred and pure entity to be protected from exploitation. Their social structures are based on close-knit communities with their own distinct rules and rituals. They tend to rely more on intuition and spiritual connection rather than purely rational decision-making, believing that truth and divinity are directly accessible to human beings.
Answer: Tribal imagination is marked by its dreamlike, magical, and non-linear quality. Unlike secular imagination, which is often bound by logic and realistic sequences, tribal imagination freely transcends these boundaries. In their narratives, impossible events are commonplace—oceans can fly, and mountains can swim. Time and sequence are flexible, allowing for a more fluid and unrestricted form of storytelling.
Answer: G.N. Devy, through his extensive work and this essay, champions the significance of the oral literary tradition. He argues that oral literature is a vital and rich part of our cultural heritage, often overlooked by those who equate literature only with written texts. By collecting and studying these oral materials, Devy demonstrates that they are essential for a deep and authentic understanding of a culture's history, values, and worldview.
Answer: According to G.N. Devy, tribal arts possess several unique features:
Answer: G.N. Devy explains that calling tribal literature "new" is incorrect because it is actually an ancient tradition that has existed for centuries. Its late discovery and recognition by mainstream literary circles does not make it new. The problem lies not with the literature itself but with our delayed awareness of it. He emphasizes the need to acknowledge, read, and give voice to these long-standing tribal languages and narratives.
Answer: 'A Munda Song,' sung at the birth of any child, reveals a perspective that values the girl child highly. The birth of a daughter is associated with a cowshed full of cows (symbolizing prosperity and wealth), while the birth of a son is linked to its depletion. This indicates that in Munda society, daughters are held in high esteem and are seen as bringers of abundance. Women often take leading roles, reflecting a more gender-balanced social structure.
Answer: The 'Kondh Song,' sung during funerals, reflects the belief that the souls of the deceased remain connected to their earthly abode. The song is a conversation meant to appease the spirit, urging it to accept its new state and stop troubling the living. By making generous offerings and singing these songs, the living community seeks to maintain harmony with the ancestral world, thereby exerting a form of control over the passage of time and the relationship between life and death.
Answer: This distinction shows a sophisticated linguistic sensitivity within the Adi community. They use Miri Agom, a special rhythmic and ritualistic language, for sacred purposes like healing chants, while using Adi Agom for everyday communication. This parallels modern languages where a formal, literary variety (like Sanskritized Hindi or Classical Arabic) exists alongside a colloquial, everyday spoken variety.
Answer: This statement stresses the urgent need to expand our definition of literature beyond just written texts. If we continue to ignore or undervalue oral traditions—stories, songs, chants passed down through generations—we risk losing an immense and irreplaceable part of India's cultural and literary wealth. Preserving these oral forms is crucial for a complete understanding of our heritage.
Answer: This aspect has a dual effect. On one hand, not being commercialized keeps tribal arts authentic, deeply connected to community rituals, and free from market-driven distortions. On the other hand, the lack of economic incentive and wider patronage can lead to neglect, making it harder for these art forms to survive in the modern world. Conscious effort and support are needed to preserve them.
Answer: The bilingual nature of tribal communities is a sophisticated adaptation, not a sign of deficiency. They often use a major language for external interaction while retaining their native tongue for internal culture. However, this complexity can lead linguists to mistakenly label rich, independent tribal languages as mere "dialects" of languages like Hindi or Odia, thereby undermining their unique grammatical structures and literary value.
Answer: Absolutely. Tribal conventions offer valuable lessons for modern society. Their deep ecological wisdom promotes sustainable living in harmony with nature. Social practices, like the Kondh community's tradition of bride price (where the groom pays a price to the bride's family) as opposed to dowry, challenge patriarchal norms. Their community-centric living emphasizes collective well-being over individualism.
Answer: The provided text seems to contain corrupted symbols. Typically, Munda songs use symbols from nature—like cows, rivers, forests, and crops. These symbols reflect a worldview deeply intertwined with the natural environment. They represent life, prosperity, fertility, and the cyclical nature of existence, showing how the tribe sees human life as an integral part of the ecological web.
Answer: This line from a healing chant highlights the tribal belief in a direct connection between physical health and spiritual well-being. The Ridin creeper, believed to have medicinal properties, is used not just as a physical remedy but as a symbolic ritual to bind the wandering soul firmly to the ailing body, ensuring complete recovery. It blends the practical with the spiritual.
Answer: The central argument of G.N. Devy in "Tribal Verse" is that India's oral and tribal literary traditions are immensely valuable and must be recognized as legitimate literature. He warns that an exclusive focus on written texts will lead to the irreversible loss of this vast cultural treasure. He advocates for the study, preservation, and integration of these traditions into the mainstream understanding of Indian literature.
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